Natural sunlight shines on the p-n junction of semiconductor devices, causing new cavitation electron pairs. Under the action of the p-n junction electric field, cavitation is injected from the n region into the p region, and electronic components are injected from the p region into the n region, resulting in a total current after connecting the circuit. This is the working principle of photoelectric effect solar cells. There are two types of solar power plants: one is the light heat electricity conversion method, and the other is the light electricity conversion method.

(1) The light heat electricity conversion method is based on the power generation capacity caused by the intensity of solar radiation applied. Generally, the solar power plant collector converts the digested power energy into material vapor, and then controls the power generation capacity of the steam turbine. The previous whole process is the entire process of light heat conversion; The latter whole process is the thermal electrical conversion process.

(2) The photoelectric conversion method utilizes the photoelectric effect to immediately convert solar radiation intensity into electrical energy. The basic machine equipment for photoelectric conversion is solar cells. A solar cell is an electronic device that immediately converts solar energy into electrical energy due to the photocurrent effect. It is a semiconductor device called a photodiode. When natural sunlight shines on the photodiode, it converts natural light into electrical energy and conducts electrical current. When many batteries are connected in series or connected in series, it can become a solar cell drainage matrix with relatively high output power.

Composition and function of solar panels

The regulations for polycrystalline silicon are mainly derived from semiconductor devices and solar cells. According to different purity requirements, it is divided into electronic component level and solar power plant level. Among them, polycrystalline silicon used for electronic components accounts for about 55%, and polycrystalline silicon used for solar power plants accounts for 45%

With the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry, the growth rate of demand for polycrystalline silicon in solar cells is higher than the development trend of polycrystalline silicon in semiconductor devices. It is expected that by 2008, the demand for polycrystalline silicon in solar power plants will exceed that of electronic component grade polycrystalline silicon.

In 1995, the total value of solar cells in the world was only 69MW, but in 2004 it was close to 1200MW, an increase of 17 times in just ten years. It is predicted that the entire solar power industry chain will surpass chemical plants and become one of the most important basic energy sources in the first half of the 21st century.